APA 7
APA 7th Edition is the most commonly used referencing style here at the University of Portsmouth. Below you will find general guidance on how to reference and cite using APA 7th Edition, as well as examples for the specific sources you are likely to use in your assignments.
Your department or lecturer may prefer you to reference sources differently from the guidance given here. Always follow the requirements of your department or lecturer.
External visitors are welcome to use this guide, but note that your institution's requirements may differ from those suggested here.
Need More Help?
If, after looking at this guidance, you are still stuck, then we can help. If you have a quick question then chat to us online, and if you need more help then you can Book an online APA 7 referencing appointment.
All judgments from 2002 onwards have a neutral citation. This identifies the case without referring to the printed law report series in which the case was published, and helps to identify the case online – for example, through the freely available transcripts of the British and Irish Legal Information Institute (www.bailii.org) and databases including Westlaw and LexisLibrary. If you are only using the neutral citation, also provide the publication in which the case was reported or the database or website that you used.
Reference
Case name [Year case heard] Neutral citation, [Year of publication] Volume Law report abbreviation Page number, Database name or https://doi.org or URL
Humphreys v. Revenue and Customs Commissioners [2012] UKSC 18, [2012] 1 WLR 1545.
or
Humphreys v. Revenue and Customs Commissioners [2012] UKSC 18, http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKSC/2012/18.html
In-text Citation
Citing Humphreys v. Revenue and Customs Commissioners [2012] ...